Mixed Forest (bioregion)

A type of vegetation charaacterized by mixed broadleaf deciduous and needleleaf evergreen trees. Vegetations of this type occur in mesothermal, microthermal and montane climates.

In the northern hemisphere, characteristic trees include oaks, beeches, maples and birches mixed with pines, firs and spruce. The uppermost layer of the canopy will range from 100 to 200 feet. Below the canopy is the three-layered 'understory' that will be 30 to 50 feet shorter than the canopy, consisting of the sub-canopy, shrub layer and ground cover.

There are - designated areas where mixed forests occur.

In Asia

• Caspian Hycanian Forest, south shore of the Caspian in Persia (cfa/humid subtropical).
• Caucasus Forest, surrounding the high Caucasus mountains (warm mesothermal).
• Han Forest, central China surrounding the middle Yangtze Basin (warm & moist mesothermal).
• Himalayas Forest, from Kashmir to Sikkim (cfa/humid subtropical).
• Luzon Highlands, a tiny area surrounding Mount Pulog (moist tropical).
• Manchurian Forest, from the Greater Khingan Mountains to the Sea of Japan (warm & dry microthermal).
• Nihonkai, from Kyoto to Aomori on Honshu Island (warm & moist microthermal).
• Pontus Mountains & Galatia, in central Anatolia (cfa/humid subtropical).
• South Hokkaido Island (cool & moist microthermal) (cool & moist microthermal).
• Zagros Mountains, from Cappadocia to western Persia (cfa/humid subtropical).

In Europe

• Bakony Forest, from the Alps to the Sava Basin (warm & moist mesothermal).
• Balkan Forest, covering northern Greece and Ruthenia (cfa/humid subtropical).
• Baltic Forest, from the Carpathian Mountains to the Baltic Sea, reaching east as far as Zerrwen and Podlesia (cool & moist mesothermal).
• East Apennines Forest, shrouding the east side of the Apennines mountains above the narrow coast (cfa/humid subtropical).
• Pyrenees Forest, covering the Pyrenees Mountains (cool & moist mesothermal).
• Russia, from the Baltic Sea to the south Ural Mountains (cool & moist microthermal).
• Svaeland, in central Sweden (cool & moist microthermal).

In North America

• Birch Mountain Forest, from the MacKenzie Mountains to Lake Winnepegosis (cold & moist microthermal).
• Blue Ridge Forest, from Delaware Bay to the Tombigbee Basin (warm & moist mesothermal).
• Cascade Forest, between the Coastal and Cascade ranges (cool mesothermal).
• Iroquois Forest, from the upper Mississippi to Nova Scotia (cool & moist microthermal).
• Oachita Forest, from the Arkansas Mississippi river fork to Galveston Bay (warm & moist mesothermal)
• Sierra Madre del Sur, including both north and south ridges above the Balsas Basin in Mexico (dry summer montane).
• Sierra Nevada & Coastal Forest, encircling the Sacramento valley (dry summer mesothermal).

In Oceania

• South Tasmania (cool & moist mesothermal).
• North Island Forest, New Zealand (cool & moist mesothermal).

In South America

Chonos Forest, a small zone of the Chonos Archipelago and surrounding Moraledo Channel (cool & moist mesothermal).